Izinjini ze-stepperingasetshenziselwa ukulawula isivinini kanye nokulawula ukubeka indawo ngaphandle kokusebenzisa amadivaysi empendulo (okungukuthi ukulawulwa kwe-loop evulekile), ngakho-ke lesi sixazululo sokushayela siyonga futhi sithembekile. Emishinini ye-automation, izinsimbi, i-stepper drive isetshenziswe kabanzi kakhulu. Kodwa abasebenzisi abaningi bezisebenzi zezobuchwepheshe ukuthi bangakhetha kanjani i-stepper motor efanele, indlela yokwenza ukusebenza kahle kwe-stepper drive noma unemibuzo eyengeziwe. Leli phepha lidingida ukukhethwa kwama-motor anyathelayo, agxile ekusetshenzisweni kokuhlangenwe nakho kobunjiniyela be-stepper motor, ngithemba ukuthi ukuthandwa kwama-motor stepper emishinini ye-automation ukudlala indima ekubhekiseni.
1, Isingeniso sei-stepper motor
I-stepper motor yaziwa nangokuthi i-pulse motor noma i-step motor. Iqhubekela phambili nge-engeli ethile njalo lapho isimo sokuthakasela sishintshwa ngokuvumelana nesignali ye-pulse input, futhi ihlala imile endaweni ethile lapho isimo sokujabula sihlala singashintshile. Lokhu kuvumela i-stepper motor ukuthi iguqule isignali ye-pulse yokufaka ibe i-angular displacement ehambisanayo ukuze ikhiphe. Ngokulawula inani lama-pulses okufakwayo ungakwazi ukucacisa ngokunembile ukugudluka kwe-angular kokuphumayo ukuze uzuze ukuma okuhle kakhulu; futhi ngokulawula imvamisa yama-pulses okokufaka ungakwazi ukulawula ngokunembile isivinini se-angular sokuphuma futhi ufeze injongo yokulawula isivinini. Ngasekupheleni kwawo-1960, kwavela izinhlobonhlobo zamamotho asebenzayo, futhi eminyakeni engama-40 edlule ibone ukuthuthuka okusheshayo. Ama-Stepper motors akwazile ukwenza ama-DC motors, ama-asynchronous motors, kanye nama-synchronous motors eceleni, abe uhlobo oluyisisekelo lwemoto. Kunezinhlobo ezintathu zama-motor stepper: asebenzayo (uhlobo lwe-VR), uzibuthe unomphela (uhlobo lwe-PM) kanye ne-hybrid (uhlobo lwe-HB). I-hybrid stepper motor ihlanganisa izinzuzo zezinhlobo ezimbili zokuqala ze-stepper motor. I-stepper motor iqukethe i-rotor (i-rotor core, odonsa unomphela, i-shaft, i-ball bearings), i-stator (i-winding, i-stator core), ama-caps angaphambili nangemuva, njll. I-motor ye-hybrid stepper ehamba phambili yezigaba ezimbili ine-stator enamazinyo amakhulu angu-8, amazinyo angu-40 amancane kanye ne-rotor enamazinyo amancane angu-50; injini enezigaba ezintathu ine-stator enamazinyo amakhulu ayi-9, amazinyo amancane angama-45 kanye ne-rotor enamazinyo amancane angama-50.
2, Isimiso sokulawula
Ii-stepper motorayikwazi ukuxhumeka ngokuqondile ekunikezeni amandla, futhi ayikwazi ukuthola ngokuqondile amasignali kagesi we-pulse, kufanele ibonakale ngokusebenzisa isikhombimsebenzisi esikhethekile - umshayeli we-stepper motor ukuze ahlanganyele nomthombo wamandla kanye nesilawuli. Umshayeli we-stepper motor ngokuvamile wakhiwa umsabalalisi wendandatho, kanye nesekethe ye-amplifier yamandla. Isihlukanisi esiyiringi sithola amasignali okulawula avela kusilawuli. Ngaso sonke isikhathi lapho kwamukelwa isignali ye-pulse okuphumayo kwesihlukanisi sendandatho kuguqulwa kanye, ngakho ukuba khona noma ukungabikho kanye nemvamisa yesignali ye-pulse kunganquma ukuthi isivinini se-stepper motor siphezulu noma siphansi, siyasheshisa noma sinciphisa ukuqala noma ukuma. Umsabalalisi wendandatho kufanele futhi aqaphe isiginali yokuqondisa evela kusilawuli ukuze anqume ukuthi uguquko lwesimo sokukhiphayo luse-oda elihle noma elibi, futhi ngaleyo ndlela anqume isiteringi se-stepper motor.
3, Imingcele eyinhloko
①Inombolo yokuvimba: ikakhulukazi 20, 28, 35, 42, 57, 60, 86, njll.
②Inombolo yesigaba: inombolo yamakhoyili ngaphakathi kwe-stepper motor, inombolo yesigaba se-stepper motor ngokuvamile inezigaba ezimbili, izigaba ezintathu, izigaba ezinhlanu. I-China isebenzisa ama-motor ezigaba ezimbili ikakhulukazi, izigaba ezintathu nazo zinezinhlelo zokusebenza ezithile. I-Japan ivame ukusetshenziswa kakhulu ama-motor anezigaba ezinhlanu
③I-engeli yesinyathelo: ehambelana nesignali ye-pulse, ukususwa kwe-angular kokuzungezisa kwe-motor rotor. Ifomula yokubala i-engeli yesinyathelo se-Stepper motor imi kanje
I-engeli yesinyathelo = 360° ÷ (2mz)
m inani lezigaba ze-stepper motor
Z inani lamazinyo erotha ye-stepper motor.
Ngokwale fomula engenhla, i-engeli yesinyathelo yamamotho ezigaba ezimbili, ezigaba ezintathu kanye nezigaba ezinhlanu yi-1.8°, 1,2° kanye no-0.72° ngokulandelana.
④ Ukubamba i-torque: i-torque ye-stator ephendukayo ye-motor ngokusebenzisa wamanje olinganiselwe, kodwa i-rotor ayijikelezi, i-stator ikhiya i-rotor. Ukubamba i-torque kuyipharamitha ebaluleke kakhulu yama-stepper motors, futhi kuyisisekelo esiyinhloko sokukhethwa kwezimoto
⑤ I-torque yokumisa: i-torque edingekayo ukuze uvule i-rotor ngamandla angaphandle lapho injini ingadluli okwamanje. I-torque ingenye yezinkomba zokusebenza zokuhlola i-motor, esimweni seminye imingcele iyafana, i-torque encane yokumisa isho ukuthi "umphumela we-slot" mncane, okuzuzisa kakhulu kubushelelezi be-motor egijima ngezici zemvamisa ye-torque ephansi: ikakhulukazi ibhekisela ezicini zefrikhwensi ye-torque ekhishwe, ukusebenza okuzinzile kwe-motor ngesivinini esithile kungakwazi ukumelana ne-torque ethile. Ijika lemvamisa yesikhashana lisetshenziselwa ukuchaza ubudlelwano phakathi kwetorque ephezulu nesivinini (imvamisa) ngaphandle kokulahlekelwa isinyathelo. Ijika le-torque frequency liyipharamitha ebalulekile ye-stepper motor futhi iyisisekelo esiyinhloko sokukhethwa kwemoto.
⑥ Isilinganiso samanje: i-motor winding current edingekayo ukuze kugcinwe i-torque elinganiselwe, inani elisebenzayo
4. Ukukhetha amaphuzu
Izicelo zezimboni ezisetshenziswa ku-stepper motor isivinini esifika ku-600 ~ 1500rpm, isivinini esiphezulu, ungacabangela i-closed-loop stepper motor drive, noma ukhethe uhlelo lwe-servo drive olufaneleka kakhulu izinyathelo zokukhetha imoto (bona isithombe esingezansi).
(1) Ukukhetha i-angle yesinyathelo
Ngokwenani lezigaba zemoto, kunezinhlobo ezintathu ze-engeli yesinyathelo: 1.8° (izigaba ezimbili), 1.2° (izigaba ezintathu), 0.72° (isigaba esiyisihlanu). Vele, i-engeli yesinyathelo esinezigaba ezinhlanu inokunemba okuphezulu kakhulu kepha isithuthuthu nomshayeli wayo kubiza kakhulu, ngakho-ke akuvamile ukusetshenziswa eChina. Ngaphezu kwalokho, abashayeli be-stepper abajwayelekile manje sebesebenzisa ubuchwepheshe bokuhlukanisa idrayivu, ekuhlukaniseni okungu-4 ngezansi, ukunemba kwe-angle yesinyathelo sokuhlukanisa kusengaqinisekiswa, ngakho-ke uma izinkomba zokunemba kwe-angle yesinyathelo zodwa kusukela ekucatshangelweni, isigaba sesihlanu se-stepper motor singathathelwa indawo yi-motor yesigaba ezimbili noma ezintathu. Isibonelo, ekusetshenzisweni kohlobo oluthile lomthofu kumthwalo oyisikulufa esingu-5mm, uma kusetshenziswa injini enezigaba ezimbili futhi umshayeli usethelwe ezigabeni ezi-4, inani lama-pulses per revolution ye-motor ngu-200 x 4 = 800, futhi ukulingana kwe-pulse ngu-5 ÷ 800 = 0.006.5mm iningi lesicelo lingahlangana ne-accuraμ = 0.006.5mm izidingo.
(2) Ukukhetha itorque emile (ebamba itorque).
Izindlela zokudlulisa umthwalo ezisetshenziswa kakhulu zihlanganisa amabhande ahambisanayo, amabha efilament, irack kanye nepinion, njll. Amakhasimende aqale abale umthwalo wawo womshini (ikakhulukazi i-acceleration torque kanye ne-torque yokushayisana) aguqulelwe ku-torque yomthwalo edingekayo kushafti yemoto. Bese, ngokuya ngesivinini esikhulu sokugijima esidingwa izimbali zikagesi, lezi zimo ezimbili ezihlukene zokusetshenziswa ukukhetha itorque efanelekile yokubamba ye-stepper motor ① ukuze kusetshenziswe isivinini semoto esidingekayo esingu-300pm noma ngaphansi: uma umthwalo womshini uguqulelwa ku-motor shaft edingekayo i-torque T1, khona-ke le torque yomthwalo iphindaphindwa nge-fector edingekayo, i-501 SF. I-motor hold torque Tn ②2 yezinhlelo zokusebenza ezidinga isivinini semoto esingu-300pm noma ngaphezulu: setha isivinini esiphezulu se-Nmax, uma umthwalo womshini uguqulelwa ku-motor shaft, i-torque edingekayo yokulayisha i-T1, khona-ke le torque yomthwalo iphindaphindwa yisici sokuphepha i-SF (imvamisa i-2.5-3.5), enikeza i-torque yokubamba i-Tn. Bheka Umfanekiso 4 bese ukhetha imodeli efanelekile. Bese usebenzisa ijika le- moment-frequency curve ukuze uhlole futhi uqhathanise: kwi- moment-frequency curve, isivinini esiphezulu se-Nmax esidingwa ngumsebenzisi sihambisana ne-torque enkulu elahlekile yesinyathelo se-T2, khona-ke i-torque yesinyathelo esiphezulu elahlekile i-T2 kufanele ibe ngaphezu kuka-20% enkulu kune-T1. Uma kungenjalo, kuyadingeka ukukhetha i-motor entsha ene-torque enkulu, bese uhlola futhi uqhathanise futhi ngokuya ngejika le-torque frequency ye-motor esanda kukhethwa.
(3) Uma inombolo yesisekelo senjini inkulu, itorque yokubamba iba nkulu.
(4) ngokuya ngesilinganiso samanje ukuze ukhethe umshayeli ofanayo wesitebhisi.
Isibonelo, isilinganiso samanje se-motor 57CM23 singu-5A, bese ufanisa amandla amanje avumelekile we-drive angaphezu kuka-5A (sicela uqaphele ukuthi inani elisebenzayo kunenani eliphakeme), ngaphandle kwalokho uma ukhetha umthamo wamanje wedrayivu engu-3A kuphela, i-torque ephezulu yokukhishwa kwemoto ingaba ngu-60% kuphela!
5, isipiliyoni sohlelo lokusebenza
(1) Inkinga ye-stepper motor low frequency resonance
I-Subdivision stepper drive iyindlela ephumelelayo yokunciphisa imvamisa ephansi ye-resonance yama-stepper motors. Ngaphansi kwe-150rpm, idrayivu yokuhlukanisa iphumelela kakhulu ekwehliseni ukudlidliza kwemoto. Ngokwethiyori, lapho kukhulu ukuhlukaniswa, kuba ngcono umphumela wokunciphisa ukudlidliza kwe-stepper motor, kodwa isimo sangempela ukuthi ukuhlukaniswa kukhuphukela ku-8 noma 16 ngemuva komphumela wokuthuthuka ekunciphiseni ukudlidliza kwe-stepper motor isifinyelele kakhulu.
Eminyakeni yamuva nje, kube khona abashayeli be-anti-low-frequency resonance stepper abasohlwini lwasekhaya naphesheya, i-Leisai's DM, i-DM-S uchungechunge lwemikhiqizo, ubuchwepheshe be-anti-low-frequency resonance. Lolu chungechunge lwabashayeli lusebenzisa isinxephezelo se-harmonic, ngokusebenzisa isinxephezelo se-amplitude kanye nesigaba sokufanisa, kunganciphisa kakhulu ukudlidliza okuphansi kwe-stepper motor, ukufeza ukudlidliza okuphansi nokusebenza komsindo ophansi wemoto.
(2) Umthelela wokuhlukaniswa kwe-stepper motor ekunembeni kokuma
I-Stepper motor subdivision drive circuit ayikwazi nje ukuthuthukisa ukushelela kokunyakaza kwedivayisi, kodwa futhi ingathuthukisa ngempumelelo ukunemba kokuma kwemishini. Ukuhlola kubonisa ukuthi:Esiteji sokunyakaza se-synchronous belt drive, i-stepper motor 4 subdivision, injini ingabekwa ngokunembile esinyathelweni ngasinye.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Jun-11-2023