Ukucwila emzimbeni womuntu: Injini encane ye-stepper iba kanjani inhliziyo yamarobhothi ezokwelapha angangenisi kakhulu?

Kumabhayisikobho esayensi, sivame ukubona izigcawu lapho amarobhothi amancane engena emithanjeni yegazi yabantu ukuze alungise izilonda ngokunembile. Namuhla, leli phupho liya liba ngokoqobo ngokushesha. “Inhliziyo” eqhuba la marobhothi ezokwelapha angangenisi kakhulu ukuba enze imisebenzi ebucayi yiyo kanye i-micro-injini yokunyathela, encane ngobukhulu kodwa enamandla amakhulu.

Njengoba inani labantu asebekhulile likhula ngamandla kanye nesidingo esikhulayo sokuhlinzwa okungadingi ukungenelela okuningi, imakethe yamarobhothi ezokwelapha iyanda ngesilinganiso sonyaka esingaphezu kuka-20%. Ngaphansi kwalesi simo, imakethe encaneama-stepper motors, ngezinzuzo zazo zokubeka indawo eqondile, ukulawula okuqinile, kanye nosayizi omncane, ziba umthombo wamandla oyinhloko wamarobhothi ahlukahlukene ezokwelapha angangeni kakhulu. Lesi sihloko sizogxila ekusetshenzisweni okusha kwama-micro stepper motors emkhakheni wokuhlinzwa kwezokwelapha okungangeni kakhulu kanye nendlela okuqhubekisela ngayo umuthi wokunemba ezingeni eliphezulu.

一,Injini ye-Micro stepper: "inhliziyo" efanelekile yamarobhothi ezokwelapha

I-microinjini ye-stepperiyi-actuator eguqula izimpawu ze-pulse kagesi zibe yi-angular displacement. Ngokungafani nama-motor e-DC avamile, ingafinyelela indawo eqondile ngaphansi kokulawulwa kwe-open-loop. Nge-pulse ngayinye yokufaka, imoto ijikeleza i-engeli eqondile (ebizwa ngokuthi i-engeli yesinyathelo). Lesi sici siyinikeza izinzuzo ezihlukile ezinhlelweni zezokwelapha ezingangenisi kakhulu:

1. Kuqondile futhi kuyalawuleka

I-micro ejwayelekileinjini ye-stepperingafinyelela i-engeli yesinyathelo engu-1.8° noma ngaphansi. Uma kuhambisana nobuchwepheshe bokushayela nge-micro-stepping, ukunemba kwayo kokuma kungafinyelela ezingeni le-micrometer. Kumathuluzi okuhlinza adinga ukuphathwa ngendlela eqondile, ukunemba okunjalo kubalulekile. Isibonelo, ekuhlinzeni kwamehlo, i-injector eqhutshwa yinjini idinga ukuthuthuka ngokunemba kwezinga le-micrometer ukuze igweme ukulimaza i-retina.

2. Umklamo we-Miniaturization

Njengamanje, ama-motor amancane anama-diameter amancane angu-1.9 millimeter futhi anesisindo esingaphansi kwe-1 gram ayatholakala emakethe. Lobu bukhulu obuncane kakhulu buvumela ukuthi ahlanganiswe kalula ezindaweni ezincane njenge-endoscopes, ama-catheter, ama-forceps okuhlinza, njll., okwenza ngempela imisebenzi "ejulile emzimbeni womuntu".

3. Ubuningi be-torque ephezulu

Naphezu kobukhulu bazo obuncane, izinto ezithuthukisiwe ezisebenzisa amandla kazibuthe kanye nemiklamo ye-electromagnetic ivumela ama-motor amancane okucindezela ukuthi akhiphe i-torque eyanele yokushayela izinsimbi zokuhlinza. Isibonelo, imoto enobubanzi obungamamilimitha angu-4 ingakhiqiza i-torque yokubamba engaphezu kuka-0.5 mN·m, okwanele ukushayela izindlela ezincane zokusika noma zokubamba.

4. Ukuhambisana kwezinto eziphilayo kanye nokuthembeka

I-micro-grade yezokwelaphaama-stepper motorsngokuvamile zinezimbobo zensimbi engagqwali kanye nezingubo ezikhethekile, okuqinisekisa ukuhambisana okuhle kwezinto eziphilayo kanye nokumelana nokugqwala endaweni ezungezile yomzimba womuntu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, isakhiwo sazo esingenamabhulashi sinciphisa ukungqubuzana kanye nokukhiqizwa kokushisa, okuqinisekisa ukusebenza okuzinzile kwesikhathi eside emzimbeni.

二,Izicelo ezintathu eziyinhloko: kusukela ekuxilongweni kuya ekwelashweni

1. Irobhothi lokungenelela kwemithambo yegazi: “umphathi wemikhumbi” wokuzulazula ngokunembile

Ekwelapheni izifo zenhliziyo nemithambo yegazi, ukuhlinzwa okungenelelayo kuyindlela evamile. Ekuhlinzeni okuvamile, odokotela kudingeka bacindezele izintambo zokuqondisa kanye nama-catheter ngesandla ngaphansi kwesiqondiso se-X-ray, okuyinto eyinselele futhi ebeka izingozi zokukhishwa kwemisebe.

Amarobhothi okungenelela kwemithambo yegazi aqhutshwa ama-micro stepper motors ashintsha lesi simo. Emaphethelweni akude ohlelo lwerobhothi, ama-micro amaningiama-stepper motorsZisebenzisana ukulawula ngokunembile ukuthuthuka, ukujikeleza, kanye ne-engeli yokugoba yentambo yokuqondisa. Uma kuhlanganiswa nokuzulazula okubonakalayo kwe-AI, ama-motor angakwazi ukulungisa ngokuzenzakalelayo indlela eya phambili ngokusekelwe kudatha ye-angiography, adlule emithanjeni yegazi ebuhlungu ngokunemba kwamamilimitha angu-0.1 ukuze afinyelele indawo yenxeba. Lokhu akugcini nje ngokunciphisa ubunzima bokuhlinzwa kodwa futhi kunciphisa ukuvezwa kwemisebe kokubili iziguli nodokotela.

2. Irobhothi lokuhlinza le-Endoscopic: "ingalo yerobhothi" eguquguqukayo

Ukuhlinzwa kwe-orifice transluminal endoscopic yemvelo (AMANOTHI) kuyindlela entsha yokuhlinzwa okungangenisi kakhulu. Odokotela bafaka ama-endoscopes ngokusebenzisa ama-orifice emvelo njengomlomo kanye ne-anus ukuze benze ukuhlinzwa njengokususwa kwe-gallbladder kanye nokususwa kwe-appendectomy.

Isihluthulelo salolu hlobo lokuhlinzwa sisengxenyeni engaphambili ye-endoscope, okumele ibe namandla okugoba amabanga amaningi kanye namakhono okuphatha kahle.Ama-motor amancane e-stepperidlala indima ebalulekile lapha: ama-micro motor amaningi alawula ukugoba kwelensi phezulu-phansi, kwesobunxele-kwesokudla, kanye nokuvulwa nokuvalwa, kanye nokujikeleza kwama-forceps okuhlinzwa. Ngenxa yesici se-stepper sama-motor, odokotela bangakwazi ukulawula ngokunembile ubukhulu besenzo ngasinye, okwenza kube lula ukuhlukaniswa kwezicubu okunembile kanye nokuthungwa. Njengamanje, ama-motor anobubanzi obungamamilimitha angu-3-5 kuphela angafakwa kakade kuma-end-effector, okuvumela ama-endoscope ukuthi enze imisebenzi eyinkimbinkimbi ezindaweni ezivalekile.

3. Uhlelo lokulethwa kwezidakamizwa oluqondiwe: "i-valve" yokukhishwa okunembile

Emkhakheni wokwelashwa kwesimila, ukulethwa kwemithi okuqondiwe kubalulekile ekunciphiseni imiphumela emibi. Abacwaningi bathuthukisa amadivayisi okulethwa kwemithi afakwayo aqhutshwa yizinjini ezincane. Lawa madivayisi afaka indawo yokugcina imithi kanye nephampu encane, elawula ukuvulwa nokuvalwa kwama-micro-valve ngemoto ukuze kufezwe ukukhishwa kwemithi ngesikhathi nangesilinganiso. 

Isibonelo, ezigulini ezinomdlavuza ezidinga ukwelashwa ngamakhemikhali isikhathi eside, uhlelo lokulethwa kwezidakamizwa oluqhutshwa yimoto olufakwe ngaphakathi lungakhipha izidakamizwa ngokuzenzakalelayo ngokwezinhlelo ezihleliwe noma izimpawu zomzimba zesikhathi sangempela (njengokushintsha kwe-glucose egazini kanye ne-pH), ngaleyo ndlela kugwenywe ubuhlungu bokujova njalo. Izici zokunyathela ze-micro stepper motor ziqinisekisa izinga eliphezulu lokuvumelana kumthamo ngamunye okhishwe, ngephutha elingalawulwa ngaphakathi kuka-5%.

二,Izinselele zobuchwepheshe kanye nokuphumelela

Naphezu kwamandla amakhulu e-microama-stepper motorsemkhakheni wezokwelapha ezingangenisi kakhulu, uchungechunge lwezinselele zobuchwepheshe kusadingeka lunqotshwe ukuze kufezwe ukusetshenziswa okukhulu kwezokwelapha:

1. Ibhalansi phakathi kokwenza kube lula kanye nobuningi bamandla

Njengoba usayizi wezinjini uncipha, izinkinga zokushabalalisa ukushisa ziba zivelele. Njengamanje, abacwaningi bahlola izinto ezintsha zamagnetic (njenge-neodymium iron boron) kanye nemiklamo yokugoqa esebenza kahle ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukusebenza kahle kokukhipha ngaphakathi kwevolumu elinganiselwe, kuyilapho befeza ukushabalalisa ukushisa okusheshayo ngokwenza ngcono izinto zezindlu nezakhiwo. 

2. Idizayini ehlanzekile nevaliwe

Ama-motor angena emzimbeni womuntu kumele abe nokuvalwa okuphelele ukuvimbela uketshezi lomzimba ukuthi lungangeni futhi kubangele imijikelezo emifushane noma ukutheleleka. Intuthuko ekushiseni nge-laser kanye nobuchwepheshe bokubumba ngomjovo oqondile kwenze ukuthi ama-motor casings anobubanzi obungamamilimitha ambalwa nje athole ukuvikelwa kwe-IP68, amelana nokuhlanza okushisa okuphezulu kanye nokucindezela okuphezulu.

3. Ukuhambisana kwe-magnetic resonance

Ezinye izinhlinzeko kudingeka zenziwe ngaphansi kwesiqondiso se-MRI, ezidinga ama-motor angenazo izinto ze-ferromagnetic futhi angakhiphi ukuphazamiseka kwe-electromagnetic. Ama-motor e-Ultrasonic kanye nama-non-magnetic aklanywe ngokukhethekile.ama-stepper motorsziyavela njengezixazululo, njengoba zisakwazi ukusebenza ngokujwayelekile emasimini anamandla kazibuthe. 

二,Umbono Wesikhathi Esizayo: Ukuhlinzwa Okuncane Okuhlakaniphile Nokuhlinza Okukude

Uma sibheka phambili ku-2030, ngokuthuthukiswa kobuhlakani bokwenziwa kanye nobuchwepheshe be-5G, ama-micro stepper motors azothuthukisa amarobhothi ezokwelapha angangenisi kakhulu ezingeni eliphakeme:

Ukuqonda okuhlakaniphile nokulawula okuguquguqukayo: Injini ehlakaniphile ehlanganiswe nama-microsensor ingabona ubulukhuni bezicubu kanye nezinguquko zokugeleza kwegazi, ilungise ngokuzenzakalelayo amandla okusebenza, futhi igweme ukulimaza izicubu ezivamile.

Ukwenziwa kwaziwe kokuhlinzwa okukude: I-micro enembile kakhuluama-stepper motors, kanye namanethiwekhi okuxhumana abambezeleka kancane, kwenza ochwepheshe bakwazi ukwenza ukuhlinzwa okungangenisi kakhulu iziguli ezindaweni ezikude, ngisho nasezindaweni eziqhele ngamakhilomitha ayizinkulungwane.

Ukusebenza ngokubambisana kweqembu: Esikhathini esizayo, kungase kube neqoqo "lamarobhothi e-capsule" aqhutshwa ama-motor amaningi e-micro stepper, azongena emzimbeni ngendlela ehlelekile ukuze enze imisebenzi efana nokuhlola, ukuthatha amasampula, kanye nokulethwa kwezidakamizwa.

五,Isiphetho

Kusukela ezingxenyeni zezimboni ezazisetshenziswa ekuqaleni kumaphrinta kanye nemishini yokuzenzakalela kuya “enhliziyweni” manje engena emzimbeni womuntu ukuze kusindiswe izimpilo, ama-micro stepper motors abhala isahluko esisha emkhakheni wezokwelapha ezingangenisi kakhulu. Ngokunyakaza okunembile kwezinga le-micrometer, anika odokotela amandla okusebenza angaphezu kwezandla zomuntu, okwenza ukuhlinzwa kuphephe, kungathukuthelisi kakhulu, futhi kusheshe ukululama. Ngokuthuthuka okuqhubekayo kwezobuchwepheshe, sinesizathu sokukholelwa ukuthi ama-micro stepper motors azoba amandla ayisisekelo okushayela umuthi onembile esikhathini esizayo.