Kunomehluko omkhulu phakathi kwenjini nenjini kagesi. Namuhla sizobheka eminye yemehluko phakathi kwalezi ezimbili bese sihlukanisa umehluko phakathi kwazo.
Iyini injini kagesi?
Injini kagesi iyithuluzi le-electromagnetic eliguqula noma elidlulisela amandla kagesi ngokwemithetho yokungeniswa kwe-electromagnetic.
Injini imelelwa uhlamvu M kusekethe (u-D kujwayelekile elidala) futhi umsebenzi wayo oyinhloko ukukhiqiza i-torque yokushayela njengomthombo wamandla wemishini noma imishini ehlukahlukene, kuyilapho ijeneretha imelelwa uhlamvu u-G kusekethe futhi umsebenzi wayo oyinhloko ukuguqula amandla kagesi abe amandla omshini.
一Ukuhlukaniswa kwezimoto kanye nokuhlukaniswa kwazo
1. Ngokusho kohlobo lokunikezwa kwamandla okusebenza: kungahlukaniswa kubeInjini ye-DCkanye nenjini ye-AC.
2. Ngokwesakhiwo kanye nomgomo wokusebenza, ingahlukaniswa ibeInjini ye-DC, injini engahambisani kanye nenjini ehambisanayo.
3. Ngokusho kwemodi yokuqala nokusebenza: i-capacitor eqala nge-single-phase asynchronous motor, i-capacitor eqhuba nge-single-phase asynchronous motor, i-capacitor eqala nge-single-phase asynchronous motor kanye ne-split-phase single-phase asynchronous motor.
4. Ngokwenhloso, injini ingahlukaniswa ibe yi: injini yokushayela kanye nenjini yokulawula.
5. Ngokwesakhiwo se-rotor: imoto yokungenisa ikheji (ejwayelekile endala ebizwa ngokuthi i-squirrel cage induction motor) kanye nemoto yokungenisa i-rotor yokuguqula i-wound (ejwayelekile endala ebizwa ngokuthi i-wound asynchronous motor).
6. Ngokwejubane lokusebenza, zingahlukaniswa zibe: amamotha anejubane eliphezulu, amamotha anejubane eliphansi, amamotha anejubane elingaguquki kanye namamotha alawulwa ngejubane. Amamotha anejubane eliphansi ahlukaniswe ngamamotha egiya, amamotha okunciphisa i-electromagnetic, amamotha e-torque kanye namamotha ahambisanayo e-claw-pole.
二Iyini injini kagesi
Injini kagesi (iMotor) iyithuluzi eliguqula amandla kagesi abe amandla omshini. Kuwukusetshenziswa kwamakhoyili anamandla (aziwa nangokuthi ama-stator windings) ukukhiqiza insimu kazibuthe ejikelezayo futhi isebenze ku-rotor (njenge-squirrel cage closed aluminium frame) ukwakha i-magnetoelectric power rotating torque. Ama-electrical motors ahlukaniswe ngama-Ama-motor e-DCkanye nama-motor e-AC ngokwemithombo yamandla esetshenzisiwe. Iningi lama-motor kagesi ezinhlelweni zamandla yi-motor ze-AC, ezingaba yi-synchronous noma i-asynchronous (isivinini sensimu yamagnetic stator yemoto kanye nesivinini sokujikeleza kwe-rotor azigcini isivinini esihambisanayo). Imoto kagesi iqukethe ikakhulukazi i-stator kanye ne-rotor. Isiqondiso sokunyakaza kwentambo enamandla ensimini yamagnetic sihlobene nesiqondiso samandla kagesi kanye nesiqondiso semigqa yokungenisa yamagnetic (isiqondiso sensimu yamagnetic). Isimiso sokusebenza semoto ukuthi insimu yamagnetic isebenza njengamandla kumandla kagesi, okubangela ukuthi imoto ijikeleze.
三、Isakhiwo esiyisisekelo semoto kagesi
1. Isakhiwo semoto engenazo izigaba ezintathu siqukethe i-stator, i-rotor nezinye izesekeli.
2. Imoto ye-DC inesakhiwo esilinganayo, esinama-laminate ngokugcwele esinomjikelezo wochungechunge wokuvuselela, esifanele ubuchwepheshe bokulawula okuzenzakalelayo lapho kudingeka khona ukujikeleza phambili nokubuya emuva. Zingenziwa futhi ngama-winding aqhutshwa uchungechunge ngokwezidingo zamakhasimende. Ama-motor anokuphakama okuphakathi okungu-100 kuya ku-280 mm awanawo umjikelezo wokuvuselela, kodwa ama-motor anokuphakama okuphakathi okungu-250 mm no-280 mm angenziwa ngokujikelezisa kokuvuselela ngokwezimo nezidingo ezithile, kanti ama-motor anokuphakama okuphakathi okungu-315 kuya ku-450 mm anomjikelezo wokuvuselela. Ubukhulu kanye nezidingo zobuchwepheshe zama-motor anokuphakama okuphakathi okungu-500-710mm kuyahambisana nezindinganiso zomhlaba wonke ze-IEC, kanye nokubekezelelana kobukhulu bemishini kwama-motor kuyahambisana nezindinganiso zomhlaba wonke ze-ISO.
Ingabe ukhona umehluko phakathi kwemoto kanye nemoto kagesi?
Ama-motor kagesi afaka kokubili ama-motor nama-generator. Yigama elijwayelekile lama-generator nama-motor, futhi lawa amabili ahlukaniswa ngomqondo ngomehluko. I-motor kagesi ingenye yezindlela zokusebenza kwe-motor, kodwa isebenza ngemodi kagesi, okusho ukuthi amandla kagesi aguqulwa abe ezinye izinhlobo zamandla; enye indlela yokusebenza kwe-motor iyi-generator, esebenza ngemodi yokukhiqiza amandla, eguqula ezinye izinhlobo zamandla zibe amandla kagesi. Kodwa-ke, ama-motor athile afana nama-motor ahambisanayo ngokuvamile asetshenziswa kakhulu njengama-generator, kodwa angasetshenziswa ngqo njengama-motor kagesi. Ama-motor ahambisanayo avame ukusetshenziswa kakhulu njengama-motor kagesi, kodwa, ngokwengeza izingxenye ezilula ze-peripheral, angasetshenziswa futhi njengama-generator.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Agasti-14-2023