Amazambane ashisayo! "- Lokhu kungase kube ukuthinta kokuqala onjiniyela abaningi, abakhi, nabafundi ababa nakho kuma-micro stepper motors ngesikhathi sokulungisa iphutha lephrojekthi. Kuyinto evamile kakhulu ukuthi ama-micro stepper motors akhiqize ukushisa ngesikhathi sokusebenza. Kodwa ukhiye uwukuthi, kushisa kangakanani? Futhi kushisa kangakanani kubonisa inkinga?

Ukushisa okunamandla akunciphisi nje ukusebenza kahle kwezimoto, i-torque, nokunemba, kodwa futhi kusheshisa ukuguga kwangaphakathi kwangaphakathi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, okuholela ekulimaleni unomphela kwemoto. Uma ulwa nokushisa kwamamotho ama-micro stepper kuphrinta yakho ye-3D, umshini we-CNC, noma irobhothi, khona-ke le ndatshana ingeyakho. Sizophenya ngezimbangela zemfiva futhi sikunikeze izixazululo ezi-5 zokupholisa ngokushesha.

Ingxenye 1: Ukuhlola imbangela yezimpande - kungani i-micro stepper motor ikhiqiza ukushisa?

Okokuqala, kuyadingeka ukucacisa umqondo oyinhloko: ukushisa kwama-micro stepper motors akunakugwenywa futhi akunakugwenywa ngokuphelele. Ukushisa kwayo ikakhulukazi kuvela ezicini ezimbili:

1. Ukulahleka kwe-ayoni (ukulahlekelwa okuyisisekelo): I-stator ye-motor yenziwe ngamashidi ensimbi e-silicon estakiwe, futhi inkambu kazibuthe eshintshanayo izokhiqiza ama-eddy currents kanye ne-hysteresis kuyo, ibangele ukukhiqizwa kokushisa. Le ngxenye yokulahlekelwa ihlobene nesivinini se-motor (imvamisa), futhi lapho isivinini siphezulu, ukulahlekelwa kwensimbi ngokuvamile kuvame kakhulu.

2. Ukulahlekelwa kwethusi (ukulahleka kokumelana nokumayo): Lona umthombo oyinhloko wokushisa futhi futhi yingxenye esingagxila ekuthuthukiseni. Ilandela umthetho ka-Joule: P=I ² × R.

P (ukuphelelwa amandla): Amandla aguqulelwa ngokuqondile ekushiseni.

Mina (okwamanje):I-current egeleza kuma-motor winding.

R (Ukumelana):Ukumelana kwangaphakathi kwe-motor winding.

Kalula nje, inani lokushisa elikhiqizwayo lilingana nesikwele samanje. Lokhu kusho ukuthi ngisho nokwenyuka okuncane kwamandla kungaholela ekukhuphukeni kwesikwele ekushiseni. Cishe zonke izixazululo zethu zizungeza indlela yokuphatha lokhu kwamanje (I) ngokwesayensi.

Ingxenye 2: Amacala amahlanu amakhulu - Ukuhlaziywa kwezimbangela ezithile eziholela kumkhuhlane omkhulu

Uma izinga lokushisa lemoto liphezulu kakhulu (njengokushisa kakhulu ukuthi ungalithinta, ngokuvamile lingaphezu kuka-70-80 ° C), ngokuvamile libangelwa isizathu esisodwa noma ngaphezulu kwezilandelayo:

Icala lokuqala ukuthi amandla okushayela abekwe phezulu kakhulu

Lena indawo yokuhlola evamile futhi eyinhloko. Ukuze bathole i-torque enkulu yokukhiphayo, abasebenzisi bavame ukuvula i-potentiometer yamanje elawulayo kubashayeli (afana ne-A4988, TMC2208, TB6600) kakhulu. Lokhu kuholele ngokuqondile ekutheni amandla asongayo (I) alidlule kude inani elilinganiselwe lenjini, futhi ngokusho kuka-P=I ² × R, ukushisa kukhuphuke kakhulu. Khumbula: ukukhuphuka kwe-torque kuza ngezindleko zokushisa.

Icala lesibili: I-voltage engafanele kanye nemodi yokushayela

I-voltage yokuhlinzeka iphezulu kakhulu: I-stepper motor system isebenzisa "idrayivu yamanje", kodwa amandla kagesi aphezulu asho ukuthi umshayeli angakwazi "ukuphusha" i-current ku-motor winding ngesivinini esisheshayo, okuzuzisa ukuthuthukisa ukusebenza kwesivinini esikhulu. Kodwa-ke, ngesivinini esiphansi noma lapho uphumule, amandla kagesi amaningi angabangela ukuthi igagasi linqamuke kaningi, kukhuphule ukulahleka kwamaswishi futhi kubangele kokubili umshayeli nemoto ukuthi kushise.

Ukungasebenzisi ukunyathela okuncane noma ukwahlukanisa iziqephu okunganele:Kumodi yesinyathelo esigcwele, i-waveform yamanje iyigagasi eliyisikwele, futhi lamanje lishintsha kakhulu. Inani lamanje kukhoyili lishintsha kungazelelwe phakathi kuka-0 kanye nenani eliphakeme, okuholela ekunyakazeni kwetorque enkulu nomsindo, kanye nokusebenza kahle okuphansi uma kuqhathaniswa. Futhi ukunyathela okuncane kushelela ijika lokushintsha lamanje (cishe igagasi elinesine), kunciphisa ukulahleka kwe-harmonic kanye ne-torque ripple, kuhamba kahle, futhi ngokuvamile kunciphisa ukukhiqizwa kokushisa okumaphakathi ngokwezinga elithile.

Icala lesithathu: Izinkinga zokulayisha ngokweqile noma zemishini

Ukweqa umthwalo olinganiselwe: Uma i-motor isebenza ngaphansi komthwalo oseduze noma wedlula i-torque yayo yokubamba isikhathi eside, ukuze unqobe ukumelana, umshayeli uzoqhubeka nokuhlinzeka okwamanje okuphezulu, okuholela ekushiseni okuphezulu okuqhubekayo.

Ukungqubuzana kwemishini, ukungaboni ngaso linye, nokumanyana: Ukufakwa okungafanele kwama-coupling, ama-rails angemuhle okuqondisayo, nezinto zangaphandle kusikulufa sokuhola konke kungabangela imithwalo eyengeziwe nengadingekile enjinini, okuyiphoqe ukuthi isebenze kanzima futhi ikhiqize ukushisa okwengeziwe.

Icala lesine: Ukukhetha okungalungile kwemoto

Ihhashi elincane elidonsa inqola enkulu. Uma iphrojekthi ngokwayo idinga i-torque enkulu, futhi ukhetha injini encane kakhulu ngosayizi (njengokusebenzisa i-NEMA 17 ukwenza umsebenzi we-NEMA 23), khona-ke ingasebenza kuphela ngaphansi kokulayishwa isikhathi eside, futhi ukushisa okunzima kuwumphumela ongenakugwemeka.

Icala lesihlanu: Indawo yokusebenza embi nezimo ezingezinhle zokukhipha ukushisa

Izinga lokushisa le-ambient ephezulu: Injini isebenza endaweni evaliwe noma endaweni eneminye imithombo yokushisa eseduze (njengemibhede yephrinta ye-3D noma amakhanda e-laser), okunciphisa kakhulu ukusebenza kahle kwayo kokukhipha ukushisa.

I-convection yemvelo enganele: Injini ngokwayo ingumthombo wokushisa. Uma umoya ozungezile ungajikelezi, ukushisa akukwazi ukuthwala ngesikhathi esifanele, okuholela ekuqoqweni kokushisa nokushisa okuqhubekayo.

Ingxenye 3: Izixazululo Ezisebenzayo -5 Izindlela Zokupholisa Ezisebenzayo ZeMotor Yakho Ye-Micro Stepper

Ngemva kokuhlonza imbangela, singanikeza umuthi ofanele. Sicela uxazulule futhi ulungiselele ngendlela elandelayo:

Isixazululo 1: Setha ngokunembile amandla okushayela (okusebenza kakhulu, isinyathelo sokuqala)

Indlela yokusebenza:Sebenzisa i-multimeter ukuze ulinganise i-voltage yereferensi yamanje (i-Vref) kumshayeli, futhi ubale inani lamanje elihambisanayo ngokuvumelana nefomula (amafomula ahlukene abashayeli abahlukene). Ibeke ku-70% -90% wesigaba esilinganiselwe samanje senjini. Isibonelo, injini enesilinganiso samanje esingu-1.5A ingasethwa phakathi kuka-1.0A no-1.3A.

Kungani isebenza: Inciphisa ngokuqondile I kufomula yokukhiqiza ukushisa futhi inciphise ukulahlekelwa ukushisa ngezikhathi eziyisikwele. Uma i-torque yanele, lena indlela yokupholisa engabizi kakhulu.

Isixazululo 2: Lungiselela i-voltage yokushayela futhi unike amandla ukunyathela okuncane

I-voltage yokushayela: Khetha i-voltage efana nezidingo zakho zesivinini. Ezinhlelweni eziningi zedeskithophu, i-24V-36V iwububanzi obushaya ibhalansi enhle phakathi kokusebenza nokukhiqiza ukushisa. Gwema ukusebenzisa amandla kagesi aphezulu kakhulu 

Nika amandla i-micro stepping yokuhlukanisa okuphezulu: Setha umshayeli kumodi yokunyathela encane ephezulu (efana nokuhlukaniswa iziqephu okungu-16 noma okungu-32). Lokhu akulethi nje kuphela ukunyakaza okushelelayo nokuthule, kodwa futhi kunciphisa ukulahlekelwa kwe-harmonic ngenxa ye-waveform yamanje ebushelelezi, esiza ukunciphisa ukukhiqizwa kokushisa ngesikhathi sokusebenza okuphakathi nendawo kanye nesivinini esiphansi.

Isixazululo sesi-3: Ukufaka amasinki okushisa kanye nokupholisa umoya okuphoqelekile (ukukhipha ukushisa komzimba)

Amaphiko okukhipha ukushisa: Kumamotor amaningi amancane anyathelayo (ikakhulukazi i-NEMA 17), ukunamathela noma ukubopha amaphiko okushisa e-aluminium alloy ku-motor housing kuyindlela eqondile neyongayo. Isinki sokushisa sinyusa kakhulu indawo ekhipha ukushisa yemoto, sisebenzisa ukuguquguquka komoya okungokwemvelo ukususa ukushisa.

Ukupholisa umoya ngempoqo: Uma umphumela wokucwilisa ukushisa ungakalungi, ikakhulukazi ezindaweni ezivalekile, ukwengeza ifeni encane (efana nefeni engu-4010 noma engu-5015) yokupholisa komoya okuyisixazululo esikhulu. Ukugeleza komoya kungathwala ngokushesha ukushisa, futhi umphumela wokupholisa ubaluleke kakhulu. Lona umkhuba ojwayelekile kumaphrinta e-3D nemishini ye-CNC.

Isixazululo 4: Lungiselela Izilungiselelo ZeDrayivu (Amaqhinga Athuthukile)

Amadrayivu amaningi esimanje ahlakaniphile, anikezela ngokusebenza kokulawula okuthuthukile kwamanje:

I-StealthShop II&SpreadCycle: Uma lesi sici sinikwe amandla, uma injini imile isikhathi esithile, amandla okushayela azokwehla ngokuzenzakalelayo abe ngu-50% noma abe ngaphansi kwamandla asebenzayo. Ngenxa yokuthi injini isesimweni sokubamba isikhathi esiningi, lo msebenzi unganciphisa kakhulu ukushisa okumile.

Kungani kusebenza: Ukuphatha okuhlakaniphile kwamanje, ukuhlinzeka ngamandla anele uma kudingeka, ukunciphisa ukungcola lapho kungadingeki, futhi konga amandla ngokuqondile nokupholisa okuvela emthonjeni.

Isixazululo sesi-5: Hlola ukwakheka komshini bese ukhetha kabusha (isixazululo esiyisisekelo)

Ukuhlola umakhenikha: Zungezisa mathupha i-motor shaft (esimeni sokucisha amandla) futhi uzwe uma ibushelelezi. Hlola lonke isistimu yokudlulisela ukuze uqiniseke ukuthi azikho izindawo zokucinana, ukungqubuzana, noma ukuminyana. Uhlelo olubushelelezi lwemishini lunganciphisa kakhulu umthwalo emotweni.

Ukukhetha kabusha: Uma ngemva kokuzama zonke lezi zindlela ezingenhla, injini isashisa futhi i-torque ayanele ngokwanele, khona-ke kungenzeka ukuthi imoto ikhethwe incane kakhulu. Ukushintsha injini ngokucaciswa okukhudlwana (okufana nokuthuthukisa isuka ku-NEMA 17 iye ku-NEMA 23) noma yamanje enesilinganiso esiphezulu, nokuyivumela ukuthi isebenze ngaphakathi kwendawo yayo yokunethezeka, kuzoyixazulula ngokuyisisekelo inkinga yokushisisa.

Landela inqubo ukuze uphenye:

Ukubhekana ne-micro stepper motor enokushisa okunzima, ungakwazi ukuxazulula inkinga ngokulandela le nqubo elandelayo:

Imoto ishisa kakhulu

Isinyathelo 1: Hlola ukuthi idrayivu yamanje isethwe phezulu kakhulu?

Isinyathelo sesi-2: Hlola ukuthi umthwalo wemishini usinda kakhulu noma ukungqubuzana kuphezulu?

Isinyathelo sesi-3: Faka izinto zokupholisa eziphathekayo

Namathisela usinki wokushisa

Engeza ukupholisa komoya okuphoqelelwe (ifeni elincane)

Ingabe izinga lokushisa selithuthukile?

Isinyathelo sesi-4: Cabangela ukukhetha kabusha nokufaka imodeli yemoto enkulu